Solution, precipitation and co precipitation ion techniques have been widely used in industry for preparing ceramic powders. The main advantage of using the synthesis solution is the chemical homogeneity of the products obtained. Some examples of synthesis in solution are:

a) The Bayer process was based on the precipitation of the Gibssita, Al (OH) 3, from aluminate solutions.

b) The titanium oxide (TiO 2) is obtained by controlled hydrolysis of the tetrachloride, TiCl 4.

c) The zirconia (ZrO 2) can be precipitated from solutions of ZrOCl 2 etc.0

The chemistry of solutions allows multiple combinations that allow the synthesis of solid structure, composition and morphology quite different. Chemistry is usually a “soft”, carried out at temperatures ranging from ambient to 200-300 ° C.

The technologies needed knowledge training colloidal particles from solution, i.e., how solid is formed from dissolved ions. The phenomenon is very complex, both from a chemical point of view as it involves a structural series of chemical reactions and various experimental conditions such as concentration, acidity (pH), temperature, solvent, nature of anions present, time, pressure, agitation, air, etc. These variables have a strong influence on the structural characteristics, morphology and dimensions of the solid phase and the chemical balance.

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